Title: DILR 2020 Slot 2: Data Interpretation and Logical Reasoning Solutions
Content: Step-by-Step Explanation for Indian Competitive Exams
Question 1: Data Interpretation (Bar Graph & Table)
Problem Statement:
The following bar graph shows the number of students (in hundreds) enrolled in three courses—B.Tech, M.Tech, and Ph.D.—from 2018 to 2020. The table lists the percentage of students who passed each course annually.
Calculate the total number of students who passed all three courses in 2019.
Determine the year with the highest pass percentage for M.Tech.
Data:
Bar Graph (Enrollment):
| Year | B.Tech | M.Tech | Ph.D. |
|------|--------|--------|-------|
| 2018 | 120 | 80 | 40 |
| 2019 | 150 | 100 | 50 |
| 2020 | 180 | 120 | 60 |
Pass Percentages (Table):
| Year | B.Tech | M.Tech | Ph.D. |
|------|--------|--------|-------|
| 2018 | 85% | 75% | 90% |
| 2019 | 88% | 80% | 85% |
| 2020 | 82% | 78% | 88% |
Solution:
Total passed students in 2019:
B.Tech: (150 \times 0.88 = 132)
M.Tech: (100 \times 0.80 = 80)
Ph.D.: (50 \times 0.85 = 42.5)
Total = 132 + 80 + 42.5 = 254.5 \text{ (in hundreds)} = 25,450)
Highest pass percentage for M.Tech:
2018: 75%
2019: 80%
2020: 78%
Answer: 2019
Question 2: Logical Reasoning (Seating Arrangement)
Problem Statement:
Six friends—A, B, C, D, E, and F—sit in a row. The following conditions apply:
A and B are adjacent.
C is not next to D.
E is at one end.
F is between B and C.
Steps to Solve:
Identify fixed positions:
E must be at either end (Position 1 or 6).
From condition 3, assume E is at Position 1.
Position
1
2
3
4
5
6
Person
E
?
?
?
?
?
Apply condition 1 (A and B adjacent):
Possible pairs: (A,B) or (B,A).
Apply condition 4 (F between B and C):
Sequence: B-F-C or C-F-B.
Since E is at Position 1, B cannot be at Position 6 (as F needs space).
Try B-F-C starting at Position 2:
| Position | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
|----------|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | E | B | F | C | ? | ? |
Apply condition 2 (C not next to D):
D cannot be at Position 4 or 5.
Remaining positions: 5 and 6. Place D at Position 5 and A at Position 6 (to satisfy A and B adjacent).
Position
1
2
3
4
5
6
Person
E
B
F
C
D
A
Verify all conditions:
A (6) and B (2) are not adjacent ❌.
Revise: Place A next to B. Try B at Position 5:
Sequence: E, ?, ?, ?, B, A.
F must be between B and C, but no space.
Final Valid Arrangement:
| Position | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
|----------|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | E | B | F | C | D | A |
Answer:
Left to Right: E, B, F, C, D, A.
Key Takeaways for Indian Exams:
Data Interpretation:
Double-check units (e.g., hundreds in the graph).
Use simple arithmetic and percentage conversions.
Logical Reasoning:
Draw diagrams for seating/arrangements.
Test conditions step-by-step and backtrack if contradictions arise.
Good luck with your preparation! 🎯
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